Hi,
Not sure if you have a KA24E or CA20E - but...
For the KA24E, if you run the engine and unplug the engine temperature sensor, the radiator fans will come on 'high' speed (very loud).
See photo below:
Obviously they are coming on voluntarily (i.e. if you force them, by switching ON the air con). Whilst you have the temp sensor unplugged, clean out any dirt / grease in the connector as this will provide greater electrical resistance (and give a false reading to the ECU).Â
By the way - the connector is a bit of a bitch to undo first time around - I actually broke mine and it sometimes falls off.... Try removing the little metal clip in it first.
And - so you don't burn yourself, do this when the engine is cold
For further diagnosis, and if you have an ohmmeter (or multimeter) handy, the resistance between the two terminals on the SENSOR (not the wire going back to the ECU) should be approx. 2.1 to 2.9K Ohms at an engine temperature of 20°C, and 0.3 to 0.33K Ohms at 80°C engine temperature.
Hope this helps!!!
EDIT: CA20E Water Temp Sensor Resistance Info (thanks to FSM)
Water temperature sensor temperature / resiastance table:
Temp Resistance
100 188 Ohms
70 444 Ohms
30 1716 Ohms
(note that this is not the entire list!)